攀岩是一种不使用绳索或安全带的攀岩形式。它通常包括在小型岩层或人工岩壁（称为巨石）上攀登短路线或 "问题"，只使用攀岩鞋和粉笔来提高抓地力。巨石通常不超过20英尺（6米）高，攀登者使用称为防撞垫的垫子来保护自己，以防坠落。
Crash pads are thick foam mats that are placed under and around a boulder to protect climbers from injury in case of a fall. They are made of multiple layers of foam and are designed to absorb the impact of a falling climber. Crash pads are an important safety feature of bouldering, and it is important that they be properly certified to ensure that they meet safety standards.
防撞垫通常由制造商认证，以满足某些安全标准，如欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）或美国消费者产品安全委员会（CPSC）制定的标准。认证确保了防撞垫已经过测试，以确保它们在坠落时提供足够的保护。
攀岩运动没有单一的国际管理机构。攀岩是一项相对较新且发展迅速的运动，不同的组织和联合会已经率先在国家和国际层面推广和组织比赛和活动。
One of the main organizations for bouldering is the International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC), which is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as the world governing body for the sport of climbing, which includes bouldering. The IFSC is responsible for organizing and promoting international climbing competitions, including the World Cup series in bouldering and other disciplines, as well as the Climbing World Championships.
除了国际攀岩联合会之外，还有一些国家和地区的组织也在推广和组织攀岩活动和比赛。这些组织可能包括攀岩联合会、攀岩馆，以及其他针对个别国家或地区的组织。
